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There may be items that are "excluded" which usually means that there was no content under that category to save. Connect your Samsung phone to your iPhone by using the USB-C connector and your Lightning cable. On older ones, you may need to download it from the Play Store. On newer Samsung devices, you will find Smart Switch at Settings > Cloud and accounts > Smart Switch. When finished, Smart Switch will show you a list of items it has successfully backed up. Open Smart Switch on your new Samsung device. Select ALLOW on the mobile device screen, to allow the Smart Switch software to read the contents of your device. You'll need to set a PIN on your mobile device. Note: You can choose to select Check Encryption Settings if you would like to encrypt your backup so that no one can read the information off your computer.Select ‘Backup’ from the options available on the computer screen. Convenient built-in 1/10GbE uplinks and up to 370W of Class 4 PoE for support of IoT devices and wireless access points. Smart Switch might take a minute to read the contents of your device, depending on how much is saved on your phone or tablet. The original Samsung cable that came with your device will be a Data capable USB cable. To quickly and safely back up your files, photos, and videos, download Drive. Note: Not all USB Cables are created equal! Some USB cables are only capable of charging a device, not transmitting information. This way all your bookmarks, passwords and settings will be saved for the switch.Please reboot a phone and go to Settings Apps. It uses functions provided by Windows for changing window states (like minimizing, restoring, focusing).Use a compatible USB cable to connect your phone or tablet to the computer. If you are unable to download through the Google Play Store, please follow the instructions below. Turn on the computer and the display device. Connect the display device and computer to AC power. This tool does in no way modify or manipulate the EVE client. Connect any peripherals to the display device. Minimizing the settings window will set it back to the tray, closing it will close the program as well. If you click the “Set & Save” button it registers your choices and saves them in “ecs.dat” at the location of the exe-file. The default is ALT+SHIFT+S for switching and ALT+SHIFT+X for minimizing. In the settings you can define two hotkey, one for switching between EVE client windows and one for minimizing all EVE client windows. It will start directly minimized to the tray, where you can either right-click for a menu or double-click to open the settings directly. Just start the Program, no installation needed. EVE clients running in “Fixed Window” or “Window Mode” (designed for “Fixed Window”).With EVE Client Switcher you switch directly between EVE clients or minimize all EVE clients without having to deal with the windows of other applications. The windows minimized through EVE Client Switcher are minimized and “de-focused” correctly, so the CPU-/GPU-Load is minimized as well. This leads to each client looking like they are minimized, but are putting an entire core of your CPU under full load (more CPU load than if they where active).ĮVE Client Switcher minimizes the other windows when switching to the next one or with the second hotkey minimizes all of them. When you use “Alt-Tab” the old window does not get minimized and stays in the background but active, which has an impact on performance (CPU-/GPU-Load).Įven more I found some glitches with “Fixed Window” windows not being minimized the right way when using for example the “Show Desktop” button in the taskbar. It was designed for being used with clients running in “Fixed Window” mode and provides two advantages over e.g. See description below for further details.Ĭreated by Laurinius 1 - About EVE Client SwitcherĮVE Client Switcher lets you switch between your EVE client windows or minimize all client windows at once with simple hotkeys. Estimated number of the downloads is more than 1,000. Latest version of Jio Switch is 2.8.2, was released on (updated on ). Jio Switch is free Tools app, developed by Reliance Retail Limited. It also helps reducing the CPU-/GPU-Load. On this page you can download Jio Switch and install on Windows PC. I’ve written a small tool for conveniently switching between or minimizing EVE client windows. If you are a Patreon subscriber, the Early Access channel will be available to you, and will provide early access to exciting experimental changes on top of what is available in the main channel. Nothing has changed in regards of the tool itself but I noticed the download link is dead and I can’t update it there. Download Microsoft Visual C++ 2022 here Windows Installer The installer will allow you to download your preferred release channel. This is an update on my original thread in the old forums. Duncan Shearer (born 1962), Scottish footballer.Dave Shearer (1958–2022), Scottish footballer.Dale Shearer (born 1965), Australian rugby league player.Brad Shearer (born 1955), Gridiron stalwart.Bobby Shearer (1931–2006), Scottish footballer.Bob Shearer (1948–2022), Australian professional golfer and golf course architect.Alan Shearer (born 1970), English footballer.Members of those family Shearer migrated to Australia and New Zealand in the 19th century and represents the highest concentration of nation for the name globallyĪdditionally, Shearers are some kind of mining machines used for continuous mining Origins of the name include from near Bergen in Norway 1600s as Skea (pronounced "Skeg" meaning "beard") and Heddle (meaning market place) as migrated to The Orkney Islands where the name 'Shearer' is found in Church marriage records of the time and as quite prolific for the overall population. Reed from a shaft loomĪll three of these terms are regularly used to refer to the same piece on a rigid heddle loom, including by manufacturers, retailers, and books and magazines, but I find the term 'rigid heddle' least ambiguous if a bit wordy.Look up shearer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.Ī shearer is someone who shears, such as a cloth shearer, or a sheep shearer. Since reeds are used only to space and beat, and don't control the shed, the number of threads in each dent doesn't impact the pattern of the yarns, and shaft loom weavers often use a reed substitution chart to adjust the sett but this does not apply to a rigid heddle which does control the shed. Reeds are also described with a DPI or threads per 10cm in metric. Modern reeds are typically constructed of regularly spaced steel wire traditionally they were constructed of thin reeds, cane, or bamboo. You might also see this referred to as ‘the beater’ though I think this tends to refer to the whole assembly that includes the reed. Wire heddles on a shaft loomĪ reed in weaving is a piece most often on floor or table looms, that is used to spread the warp evenly and beat the weft into place, but does not control the shed. In the rigid heddle context, you usually describe things in holes and slots and the term heddle refers to the whole rigid heddle, not any one hole or slot. In most applications, 1 heddle moves 1 thread, though can sometimes be threaded with more than one for structures like basketweave many heddles are grouped together on a heddle rod or a shaft depending on loom type. Heddles can be made of loops of string, commonly used with backstrap looms, tapestry weaving, and when using a heddle rod to add additional patterning on a rigid heddle loom on a modern shaft loom, they are typically made of metal or a special synthetic cord with holes in it called texsolv. A stick can make 1 shed, but you need heddles to make more than one shed. Band weaving rigid heddleĪ heddle is most generally a thing that controls the movement of a thread for weaving that isn't a solid stick. Rigid heddles for rigid heddle looms are typically described with a DPI, or threads per 10cm in metric, while those for band weaving often focus more on the number of holes/slots. Some band weaving rigid heddles have features like double holes or varying lengths of slots to facilitate some kinds of pattern weaving. In this context, it would be called a rigid heddle or heddle, and not a reed. In this context, they are only used to control the shed, and not beat or space the warp - considerable draw in is expected. Rigid heddles can also be used for weaving narrow bands. Rigid Heddle from an Ashford Rigid Heddle Loom On a rigid heddle loom, the rigid heddle is typically also used to beat and space the warp, like a reed, and they can also be used this way with backstrap style weaving to make a wider, balanced fabric. Modern rigid heddles are most often made of plastic, often with a wood frame, and sometimes laser cut wood, but they can also be made of metal or carved from wood or bone. This can sometimes lead to confusion when rigid heddle weavers and shaft loom weavers interact!Ī rigid heddle is a solid piece with many holes and slots, that is moved up or down to produce different sheds for weaving the yarns running through the slots don’t move, while the yarns threaded through the holes move up or down with the rigid heddle. But on a rigid heddle loom, the rigid heddle performs the roles of both of these parts, and so, sometimes it is called simply the heddle or the reed, or, more rarely, something like 'rigid heddle reed'. On some styles of looms, and especially shaft looms, reeds and heddles are entirely different parts of the loom. Heddle vs Reed vs Rigid Heddle terminologyĪre these the same thing? Or are they different? The M1 MacBook still had preinstalled apps such as Adobe, Forticlient VPN, and Microsoft apps when he migrated everything over from his Intel MacBook. I had a similar issue with a customer of mine that moved from an Intel MacBook on Monterey to a new M1 Macbook on Ventura. If it wasn't, please leave a comment what I can improve.Did you ever find a resolution to this issue? If my guide was helpful for you, it would be nice if you give it a good rating. When the game creator is satisfied with the players and settings, he will start the game. When you are ready to begin the game, mark the checkbox Ready.This will start the game and the lobby will be presented to you. When you've found a game you'd like to join, double click it. Hoover your mouse pointer over a game you are interested in to get a tooltip with details.Some of them may be password protected and some of them may require mods. You will be presented with a list of games currently having open slots for players. Click the tab Play and then the sub-tab Custom games.Use it to provide the directory of your Forged Alliance installation. Click the button Locate… which will open the Windows file explorer. Most important is "Forged Alliance could not be located". Click on it and you will see the following entries.
If we have one hand on the wheel, we can still steer. If we don't do this now, it's gonna be done to us later. What if this panel sends us somewhere we don't think we should go? What if there's somewhere we need to go and they don't let us? We may not be perfect but the safest hands are still our own. If we sign this, we surrender our right to choose. When I realized what my weapons were capable of in the wrong hands, I shut it down. No, but it's run by people with agendas and agendas change. It's not the World Security Council, it's not S.H.I.E.L.D., it's not Hydra. This is the United Nations we're talking about. We are if we're not taking responsibility for our actions. Tony, if someone dies on your watch, you don't give up. If we can't accept limitations, we're boundaryless, we're no better than the bad guys. We need to be put in check! And whatever form that takes, I'm game. I mean, we won't know because we dropped a building on him while we were kickin' ass. He wanted to make a difference, I suppose. He decided to spend his summer building sustainable housing for the poor. He didn't go to Paris or Amsterdam, which sounds fun. Charlie didn't wanna go to Vegas or Fort Lauderdale, which is what I would do. But first he wanted to put a few miles on his soul before he parked it behind a desk. Had a floor-level gig, an intel plan for the fall. Who's putting coffee grounds in the disposal? Am I running a Bed and Breakfast for a biker gang? Actually, I'm nursing an electromagnetic headache. That's 'cause he's already made up his mind.īoy, you know me so well. Tony? You are being uncharacteristically non-hyperverbal. Oversight is not an idea that can be dismissed out of hand. And during the same period, a number of potentially world-ending events has risen at a commensurable rate. Stark announced himself as Iron Man, the number of known enhanced persons has grown exponentially. 117, Sam, and you're just like, "Nah, it's cool." How long is it gonna be before they lojack us like a bunch of common criminals?ġ17 countries wanna sign this. John Slattery as Howard Stark, father of Tony and likely seen only in flashbacksįor more coverage of Movies, please visit our hub page.Secretary Ross has a Congressional Medal of Honor, which is one more than you have. John Kani as King T’Chaka, father of T’Challa Marisa Tomei as May Parker, the latest incarnation of Peter Parker’s famous Aunt May Ross, a character with a link to T’Challa. Ross, a character with a link to T’Challa William Hurt as Secretary of State Thaddeus Ross, last seen in The Incredible Hulk. William Hurt as Secretary of State Thaddeus Ross, last seen in The Incredible Hulk Tom Holland as Peter Parker / Spider-Man, making his MCU debut and apparently aligning with Team Iron Manĭaniel Brühl as Zemo, a classic Captain America villain in the comics given a new twistįrank Grillo as Brock Rumlow / Crossbones, a man with a grudge against Captain America Paul Bettany as Vision, the artificial being brought to life during Avengers: Age of UltronĮmily VanCamp as Sharon Carter, also known as Agent 13 of SHIELD, a possible love interest for Steve Rogers Scarlett Johansson as Natasha Romanoff / Black Widow, the super-spy whose motivations to join Iron Man should be interestingĭon Cheadle as Lieutenant James Rhodes / War Machine, Tony’s friend and a loyal military manĬhadwick Boseman as T’Challa / Black Panther, ruler of Wakanda and a hero making his Marvel Cinematic Universe debut as Tony Stark / Iron Man, once a bit of a maverick, now committed to the idea that heroes should answer to someone Paul Rudd as Scott Lang /Ant-Man, who bonded with Sam Wilson during his own solo movie Jeremy Renner as Clint Barton / Hawkeye, supposedly on Cap’s side because he was the first person to callĮlizabeth Olsen as Wanda Maximoff / Scarlet Witch, possibly still blaming Tony Stark for the death of her family members Sebastian Stan as Bucky Barnes / Winter Soldier, Cap’s former partner turned assassin a man trying to reclaim his lifeĪnthony Mackie as Sam Wilson / Falcon, Cap’s current partner, who’s been helping him track down Bucky We’ll list them all here, and in the spirit of the film’s central conflict, we’ll list the actors by team.Ĭhris Evans as Steve Rogers / Captain America, once a loyal soldier but not the leader of the anti-oversight group for a very personal reason There are villains too, as well as a full complement of supporting characters. Taking the next logical step in the events that have taken place in the Marvel Cinematic Universe to date, it will see heroes fighting heroes in a debate over whether they should all submit to government oversight. Check out the complete Captain America: Civil War cast list, featuring everyone from the battling heroes to the supporting characters.Ĭall it “ Avengers 2.5” if you must, but Captain America: Civil War is set to be much more than just the third solo adventure for Steve Rogers. Great cardiovascular and legwork out that consists of a warm-up, varied intensity intervals, and a cool down. Ideal for anyone and everyone, BODYFLOW® is the yoga-based class that will improve your mind, your body, and your life, as you bend and stretch through a series of simple yoga moves and embrace elements of Tai Chi and Pilates. POMSQUAD™ is a super fun, immensely positive, high-energy dance fitness class! You will be shaking your poms while prancing, dancing, bending, and snapping to today’s hits and yesterday’s favorites. Total Body conditioning classes are intended to provide total fitness and overall toning by working every major muscle group in one workout. Total body conditioning classes incorporate strength exercises and cardio segments using equipment such as dumbbells, stability balls, and steps. First-time participants, please contact the instructor, Shashu, at prior to attending. Please arrive 10-15 minutes early to gather your equipment and to have any questions you may have answered. The BOOM formats were developed with the baby boomer in mind who isn't ready for chair fitness. Silver Sneakers BOOM Muscle is for anyone. This class uses mats, hand weights, resistance bands, small balls (Pilates ball), and stability balls. The only prerequisite to this class is the ability to get on and off the floor. Get ready for a total body toning! This low-impact class will give you a total body workout, using bodyweight and light weights. Once the Latin and World rhythms take over, you'll see why Zumba® Fitness classes are often called exercise in disguise. Perfect for everybody and everybody! We take the "work" out of workout, by mixing low-intensity and high-intensity moves for an interval-style, calorie-burning dance fitness party. Using light to moderate weights with lots of repetition, BODYPUMP gives you a total body workout. See descriptions of our Free to Member Classes below.īODYPUMP is a barbell workout for anyone looking to get lean, toned, and fit fast. Perfect for all fitness levels.The YMCA of Greater Kalamazoo offers a variety of ways to encourage personal fitness for every member of the family. Increase strength, balance and flexibility while reducing stress and relaxing the mind with various poses of movement. Class will use body weight, dumbbells, kettlebells, body bars and resistance bands. Instructor, Valarie Strength Express Will not be offered during the fall.Ĥ0-minute group fitness strength class designed to improve muscular strength and endurance in a fun and challenging workout. Class is appropriate for all fitness levels. Instructor, Olivia Pilates Wednesdays, 12:05-12:55 p.m.Ī 50-minute mat Pilates class focusing on the fundamentals of core body strength, posture and stabilization as it applies to movement. Perfect for all fitness levels! Instructor, Valarie Interval Training Tuesdays & Thursdays, 12:15-12:45 p.m.Ī 30-minute class that takes you through a series of cardio, strength, power and balance intervals with brief rest in between stations. Join us for a 50-minute low-impact Barre class that combines elements of ballet, yoga, Pilates and strength training. All fitness classes are offered in-person at the Fitness & Wellness Center. Please see schedule below.įaculty/staff fitness classes are open to all fitness levels. Winter break fitness classes run November 27 through December 19. You need something to focus on, that will help your mind and heart find the way back to the flow of life once again. At times like these, it mean that you are stuck in your own emotions. You do not have the motivation to find the effort in any direction. Your life seems boring and depressed because you are no longer interested in activities that bring you joy. You do not really care too much about anything. This card is sometimes a sign of indifference. By taking time to think about your dreams, reflecting and imagining, you will gradually restore your emotional balance. The Four of Cups can represent a positive phase of self-reflection and self-renewal. When life is too stressful, you need to spend time and energy for yourself otherwise you will feel bogged down. In some cases, you have to focus on yourself. Similarly, we may also have difficulties or problems in our own emotional system. Instead of moving forward, the water flows automatically backward. Those who interested in Kayak and other river sports know that there are dangerous whirlpools around the river. He did not take the cup as well as pay attention to it so he missed the gift of love and opportunity. This young man and his persistence remind us of the Buddha’s story of meditating under the Bodhi tree until he has attained the truth of the Universe. External influences can distract him and lead him astray from his goal, even though it is only a spiritual aspect. He thought he needed to concentrate on contemplating himself to find the answers he was looking for. There are three other cups at his feet, depicted the temptations of the world but he did not pay attention either. While he was meditating, he did not know that an arm was giving the cup to him. The Four of Cups depicts a young man sitting under a tree separated from everyone around, in a posture that looks like he is doing meditation. Four of Cups Rider Waite image description III. Opposite and Support Tarot cards to the 4 of Cups.36 Lenormand Cards Meaning and Combination.7 Things You Need to Know When Using Oracle Cards.How to Make Your Own Oracle Deck Efficiently.The Tarot cards, Oracle cards, and Lenormand cards.Love Tarot Reading between Major and Minor Arcana.Career Tarot Reading in Minor and Major Arcana.Tarot Timing Method – 4 Easiest Ways to Apply. Reversed Tarot cards and reading methods.The combination of Tarot Court cards in a Tarot spread.The Comparison of Tarot Court Cards Based on the Crowley Thoth Tarot Standard.16 MBTI Personality types in Tarot Court cards.Four ways to interpret Tarot Court cards.Story of Minor Arcana cards According to Tarot numerology.The Journey of the Pentacles Tarot cards.The Great Journey of 22 Major Arcana Cards. So, this year’s 39mm steel Legend Diver has all the looks of its predecessor but with a conventional case. Somehow that twin crowned look stuck longer than the actual compressor technology. Which meant two crowns, one to change the time and one to operate the dive timer. Chronomaster El Primero Stahl Automatik Chronograph Armband Stahl 38mm Bj. At the time, one of the ways they ensured this was to put the diver’s vital oxygen timing ring under the glass. 03.3200.3600/69.M3200 watches on Chrono24. 1969 Chronomaster Open Box and Papers Boite et Papiers Fullset. A two-part case flexed with increasing water pressure to seal the case off against water ingress. Chronomaster El Primero 42mm Chronograph 2020 BOXES/PAPERS 7,999 + 50 for shipping. Put simply, these watches exploited the natural propensity of water pressure to crush things at depth to render watch cases more waterproof. Best prices for new Zenith El Primero Chronomaster. Zenith El Primero 36000 VpH Zenith watches El Primero 36000 VpH. Back in the late 1950s the super compressor was one of the ways watchmakers, Longines included, sought to maximize the water resistance of dive watches. If you’re used to your dive watches sporting a chunky unidirectional bezel as the sine qua non of subaquatic authenticity, it pays to look at the new Longines Legend Diver, a rethink of an equally serious though less known part of dive watch history. He even went on to add that he didn’t want to claim the child, which led Mousesack to inform Geralt that he and Ciri are already constrained by fate and that there is no way for him to escape it. However, Geralt was unaware that he would be receiving a child of surprise, and it was clear from the expression on his face that he didn’t want the child. Geralt was undoubtedly assuming that the benefit of the Law of Surprise could be anything so straightforward. However, when Geralt realised how honest Duny was, he simply used the Law of Surprise to avoid needing a reward. So, as you surely already know, Geralt thought it was only right to save Duny and didn’t want to ask him for anything. Duny stated to the Witcher that he didn’t want to live a life feeling burdened by the knowledge that he owed a life debt to someone who had saved his life at the moment where he instructed Geralt to ask anything of him. If you’re wondering why Geralt used the Law of Surprise, it was simply to give Duny the impression that he owed the Witcher nothing throughout the course of his life. Why Did Geralt Invoke The Law Of Surprise? What does The Witcher’s Law of Surprise mean in this context? Before we respond, let’s examine this law’s history and how it came to play such a significant role in The Witcher. Naturally, the bond between Geralt and Ciri and what the Witcher is willing to do to protect his kid of surprise dominates the entire plot of The Witcher.īut even though the Law of Surprise makes it clear that Ciri is a child of surprise, many people are unsure of its exact meaning. Thus, Ciri and Geralt were destined to be together since the Witcher filled the role of the father that the princess lacked for much of her youth. The fact that Ciri is Geralt’s kid since she was the prize that manifested when Geralt invoked the Law of Surprise is one of the key elements of The Witcher’s narrative in the books, games, and television series. What Is The Law Of Surprise In The Witcher? Since there is no assurance that a child will survive the training to become a witcher, no parent with a rational mind would be willing to give them up. Having said that, it’s likely that Mousesack was incorrect because he merely generalised that all Witchers are surprise offspring. In the books, he acknowledged that Mousesack was mistaken at one point. Geralt, however, never explicitly said that he was a kid of surprise. The misconception arises from the fact that most witchers are actually the result of the Law of Surprise, having been handed to witchers as young boys in order to become witchers. In the novels, Mousesack warned Calanthe that since Geralt was himself a product of the Law of Surprise, he would know more about it than anyone. Whether or if Geralt is a kid of surprise himself is one of the things that perplexes people the most about him. After all, The Witcher is really a synthesis of several mythology and folklore. In conclusion, the Law of Surprise appears in several mythology and folklore even though it may not actually exist. He had to offer him up to God because his daughter had welcomed him first. In the meantime, Jephthah the Gileadite makes a deal with God in the Bible’s book of Judges, chapter 11, where he promises to offer God the first thing that comes out of his home to welcome him when he returns in exchange for God promising him victory. When you make a deal with the devil, one of the things you truly invoke according to Slavic mythology is the Law of Surprise. ALSO READ Pavetta in The Witcher: Unraveling Her Story Several chitosan-containing products were approved by the US Food and Drug Administration. Ĭhitosan polymers such as carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC) are suitable for coating nanoparticles by electrostatic interaction and can enhance the physicochemical properties of nanoparticles. Kim and coworkers suggested that loaded AMSN with brimonidine can increase the ocular bioavailability of the drug by increasing the residence time at the preocular surface and controlling the release of the drug. Furthermore, the drug-loaded AMSN could be released in a controlled manner from the particles to maintain a concentration gradient, which improves the drug permeation through the corneal barriers. The hydroxyl groups could form hydrogen bonds with the mucin and the positive charge of the amino groups in the AMSN could also form an ionic complex with the negatively charged groups in mucin. As AMSN has two functional groups, hydroxyl and amine groups, the nanoparticles would be mucoadhesive. (2018) proposed an amino-functionalized mesoporous silica nanoparticle (AMSN) for the ocular delivery of brimonidine for glaucoma. Mucoadhesive materials need to possess a functional group that forms a bond with the mucin. By this approach, many researchers tried nano- or micro-particles made of mucoadhesive polymers such as poly (ethylene glycol), poly (acrylic acid), chitosan, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose for ocular drug delivery. Increasing the residence time of the particles and slowly releasing the loaded drug would improve the ocular bioavailability of the drug. Mucoadhesive particles can be better attached to the mucin on the ocular surface, which increases the residence time in the preocular region. Particles with a mucoadhesive property have been extensively investigated as carriers of ocular drug delivery. Usually, 5-FU eye drops are prepared as an extemporaneous preparation and the solution would be stable for only 7 days. Long-term follow-up is necessary for these patients as the lesions may recur after the therapy. However, the lesion may recur and retreatment is required with an excisional biopsy. The treatment regime for corneal and conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma of conjunctiva can be a pulse ocular doses of 1% 5-FU four times a day for 4 days, for several treatment cycles at monthly intervals. The ocular solution of 5-FU can be used for conjunctival/corneal squamous cell carcinoma. Thus, the 5-FU loaded in AMSN-CMC gel could be used as a topical formulation for the treatment of ocular cancer.ĥ-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is commonly used to treat many cancer diseases including epithelial cancers. AMSN-CMC-FU gel and AMSN-FU gel were “minimally irritating” to rabbit eyes but showed minimal eye irritation potency in comparison to the 5 FU gel. AMSN-CMC-FU showed 1.52- and 6.14-fold higher AUC0-inf in comparison to AMSN-FU and 5-FU gel, respectively. Higher bioavailability of AMSN-FU and AMSN-CMC-FU gel formulations was found compared to 5-FU gel in the ocular pharmacokinetic study with superior pharmacokinetics parameters of AMSN-CMC-FU gel. AMSN-CMC-FU initially exhibited a 2.45-fold increase in transcorneal flux and apparent permeation of 5-FU compared to 5-FU gel, indicating a better corneal permeation. Release profiles showed 100% of the drug was released from the 5-FU gel within 4 h, while AMSN-FU gel released 20.8% of the drug and AMSN-CMC-FU gel released around 55.6% after 4 h. In addition, TGA, FTIR, and PXRD confirmed the drug loading inside the AMSN-CMC. NMR spectra confirmed the coating of AMSN with the CMC layer. The optimum formulation of AMSN-CMC-FU was found to be nanoparticles with a particle size of 249.4 nm with a polydispersity of 0.429, encapsulation efficiency of 25.8 ± 5.8%, and drug loading capacity of 5.2 ± 1.2%. Eye irritation and ocular pharmacokinetic studies from gel formulations were evaluated in rabbit eyes. The transcorneal permeabilities of 5-FU from AMNS-FU and AMSN-CMC-FU gel formulations were estimated through excised goat cornea and compared to that of 5-FU gel formulation. The mucoadhesion ability of the prepared nanoparticles was tested using the particle method by evaluating the change in zeta potential. In vitro release was conducted through a dialysis membrane in PBS (pH 7.4) using modified Vertical Franz diffusion cells. Physicochemical characterizations were performed by NMR, TGA, FTIR, and PXRD. The drug encapsulation and loading were determined by the indirect method using HPLC. Particle characterization was performed by the DLS technique (Zeta-Sizer), and structural morphology was examined by SEM and TEM. This study investigates the development of topically applied non-invasive amino-functionalized silica nanoparticles (AMSN) and O-Carboxymethyl chitosan-coated AMSN (AMSN-CMC) for ocular delivery of 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU). |
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